Pressure lubricating apparatus



v April 2,1935. w. M. J. JULLxG 1,996,158

PRES SURE LUBRICATING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 8, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 2, 1935. w. M. J. JULLIG *1,996,158`

PRESSURE LUBRICATING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 8, 1930 3 Sheets--Sheefl 2 r l f f 5 1 April 2, 1935.

3 Sheets-'Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 8, 1930 Eiga' $111' f M@ am@ f 9,

V iniissun'r: LBRICATINGAPPARATUS f f Stockholm", Sweden Athleticspatatas, mostrarse 506,959"

srdrr-ebfuerrfflgo VVI j :4 claimsici.' 18e-327) e i With the advance ofthe lubricating Vaitthe requirements .of suchlubricating apparatus becomes more and more exacting, which'havingfthe least possible dimensions are capable of-"providinga great number of journals and bearings in,- i

dependentlyof each other with individualquantities of lubricating medium. y g" With regard to the general construction-two characteristic groups of apparatus can loe-,differs entiated.` One group consists of individual pumps set and operated conjointly in pairs. According v tothe principle o f the present invention, prac-p tically as many pumps as:desired maybear-V ranged in` one singleV aggregate, at 4the saine time Vmaintainingthe `saine advantages for all pumps,`

and the .invention may also be app1ied,toone pumponly. e .l L, Y I

AAmongst the` lubricating" apparatus hit-,homo

employed and vhaving thev pumps arranged con-` centrically may further be distir'iguished`` such apparatus in which the pistons by their oscillat-` ing movementsabout their axes effect the` clos ingand opening respectively of theffinletand out-f let. channels ofthe pumps. This kind of appa*4 ratus, however, has they disadvantage that .all pistons exert-,their pressurelmovement silnultaf` necusly, so that during a fraction of the rotation ofthe driving shaft the pump work must be dan` ried out for all pistons at one and the"sametime;v

whereby the torsional drivingmoment( becomes uneven andthe number of isli'mited `ori account of the comparatively greatstresses on the driving mechanism.

4Lubricating apparatus jare further known, which are provided with pump pistons arranged concentrically about a drivingfshaft, the Dump pistons coming in operation doneafter another. However, in such an arrangement, special rher :h V anism is required for controlling the inlet and outlet channels, either in `therform of grooves arranged c-n the centraldriving shaft or inthe form of special control pistons.V e

4The present invention relatesto` a pressure lubrcating apparatus having `pistonpurrips arranged in circles and working one after VVthe otheL-f the pistons receiving: in amanner known per se; an `axial reciprocating pumping *movement 'and at 'the same time an oscillatory movement VaboutV theraxes forV alternately closingandopening the s suction andpressure channels; and theA Ghef. v Y` cha racteristicV feature of the present inventigia'ri`V consists in a single` control, member operatively i connected with the pump pistons and so arranged Vand so constructed that-'the pump pistons, solely ll);V

by meansfof thef said controlmember, receive both; axially reciprocating andoscillatory move-.-

A further feature of the present invention consists fingthat thepuinpV pistons receive theirgrefV 15 ciprocatingf and their oscillatory movements byra singlemember which is adapted to executeya 'circulary swinging, that 'is to say a rolling,

morementA aboutan inclinedaxis A` further object ofthe-invention is tolprovide Ya driving 2o mechanism fror [suchV pump pistons. comprising eccentrically movable ibutothervvise non-rotating)V means which subjects the`v pump pistons to bothg axially A`reciprocating and also oscillatory movements. By means ofthese devices it is pos- 25 sibletoarrange the pump pistons in several concentric circlesabout Va. centrally arranged driv-` ing shaft, whereby a very compact construction of comparatively small dimensions isobtained, Vin

which in: addition the pump pistons are operated 3o one afterV another, sc that the stresses on the driving mechanism areisubstantially uniform and on account thereof they driving mechanism may be ofsmall dimensions in comparison with:apparatus of this kind hithertoknown4 Further.. features characterizing the invention will be more fully'referred to in the following description with reference j to the accompanying drawings, infwhichV Fig. l. shows a vertical section through-a pressure lubricating apparatusaccording to the invention:and arrangedfor 100` pump pistons.H Fig. 2 shows the same apparatus in a planview, in which forthe sake ofV cle'arnessv a portion of the casing has beencut away and a numberof the pistons havebeen leftout. `-LligL `3`siiows` a section through an apparatus which is providedwith one Dumping rneansonly. `Fig. 4 shows the samerapparatus in alateral view and YFig,.5 showsV the same" in 'a plan view, the upper asf Ywise six pumps, in which, however, the means actuating the pumps is executed in another'manner than in the forms of embodiment previously shown. Fig. 9 is a plan view, partly in section, of the apparatus shown in Fig. 8V. Fig. 10 shows on a larger scale some details of Fig. 2; Figs. 1l and 12 show respectively an elevationV and a plan view of Aa. carrier; device illustrated in- Fig. 6", the ring 65 being omitted; Figs. 13 and 14 show in similar views a detail pertaining to said carrier device. ,Y Y

According to the form of embodimentV shown inFigs. l and 2 a pump body composed( of the parts I and 2, is provided witha plurality of bore holes 3 and 4 respectively for pump pistons which with their axes are `arrangedgin four concentrical circles. The parts'fI and2preferably produced ofV cast iron, surround an annular chan# nel 5, to which is supplied a lubricantfrom ,the outside by means of the supply conduit 6. In each one of the bore holesl3 'and 4 is placed a pump tendingat right angles to theaxis of the piston and'sat the-uppersideV provided with a conically oriisphericallyf 'rounded off surface. To :these plates are fixed guiding pins Ill,` theaxes of which are' eccentricallyarranged in' relation to the axes of the'pistons with aneccentricity 5(Fig. 2). The guiding pinsare providedv with screw threads I I,y on which are screwed regulatingnuts I2 and locking nuts. lAccording to the illustrated'form ofi embodiment, the part I substantially encloses the part 2 which is provided with a centralop'en'-v ing'in'fwhichis fixed a' sleeve I3 preferably made of'steel. In this sleeveis rotatably journalled a shaft I 4 which in thefollowing description will be designated pump shaft. This pump shaft is at its upper end provided withthe flange'I 5 being insection ofwedge-like shape and onits upper surface prolongated to form an` inclined shaft end! I 6. In axial extension of thepump shaft I4,Ythe shaftl end I6 is provided with the `square part I`I` forl fastening thereon' ahand wheel 20 o r 'the like which serves the purpose Vto manually operatethe Ypressure lubricating apparatus, if desired. About the inclinedy shaft end I5 is 'rotatably' journalled a disk which in the following is designated working disk. YThe central plane of this working disk' passes through points P and 04,;as shown in Fig; l.' Point P is located on the axis 'of the shaft end I6' and point O islocated on the axis-of the pump shaft I li. The inclination of" the' axis of the shaft end VIIS in relation' to the a'xis ofthe pump shaftll is determined! in the following manner.

' When looking uponFig. 2' there is a line I-II passing through the pointsl? and O and the distance betweenthese two pointsis thegeccentricity e. `V'Ihere'i s further Ya diametrical line passing through O, i." e. the axisof the pump shaft It, and-'aline III-IV parallel -to saiddiametrical linefandj'passing`l throughV point P. Seenin the direction of rotation', according to ther arrow p,

the line IF-'IV is leading jwith an angle a rela' tivefto 'the'line'P-#IL In thisfsituation of the partstheaxis'of the inclined shaft end I 6 forms Y an angle "or With the-axisofthe "pump shaft'III,

when looked upon in Fig.v le.' The workingA d isk is provided with steps which decrease as to their height in the direction towards the circumference. "Theworking disk is further provided with longitudinal slots 22'. one for each guiding pin I0. The length of these'slots lis preferably made'equalto2 en fr! the'thicknes's ofthe guiding pins Ijf 7i l The working disk`i2v| rests against the ange I5 and is kept in its place by means of a washer 23 and a nut 24. The slots 22 and the working disk 2l are arranged in relation to the bore holes 3 and 1I for the pump pistons I and 3 in such a manner, that during the motion of the working disk the pump pistons are periodically oscillated to and fro one after the other.

In vthe, parts I and 2 are provided suction channels 25, 26 which connect central bore holes in the'pump pistons, when these latter occupy certain positions, with the annular channel 5. Inv Va similar way pressure channels 27, 28, 29 and 30 are provided which in certain positions o'f the pump pistons connect the openings arranged therein with pressure conduits leading to the places of lubrication. Each pump piston -is provided with a groove vlll which connects the central bore hole 42 in the pump piston with Ythe outer circumference of the latter, in order to render possible the passage of the lubricating medium from the annular channel5 to the central bore hole 42 Yand thence tothe discharge channelsv 2'I--3I`L` Y The pumprbo'dy I, 2 with the parts pertainving theretois'mounted on a casing 3l, the `part Z'being xed to the casing 3i by means of screw bolts 32. In the `casing is arranged a driving mechanism yfor the' pump shaft, which in the present case -consists of a ratchet and pawl device. At the bottom ofthe casing is positioned arplate 3l having a short shaft extending vertically'upwardly, on which is rotatably journalled a ratchet Wheel 34. I'he ratchetV wheel supports at its upper part a fork-like part I8 which cooperates withv a corresponding fork-like part I 9 on the pump shaft, so that the rotation of the ratchet wheel 34 is directly transferred to theV pump shaft. `On a hub ofthe ratchet wheel are rotatably journalled two feeding levers 33' and 33d which atr their free ends 38 and 38a. are rounded off to form lballs and are arranged in an angularly; or cam shaped groove 33 ona driving shaft 4U. The Yfeeding levers support preferably spring-actuated pawls 35 and 35a which are in engagement with the teeth Vofn the ratchet wheel 34.' By means of this arrangement it is rendered possible that the driving shaft i0 may rotate in any direction whatever, while the` pump shaft always will rotate in the direction required for the special purpose. y y

The'mcde'of operation of the 4pressure lubricating apparatus shown in Figs. l and 2'prcvided with a hundred pumps is the following: By rotating'the driving'shaft 45 in one cr the other direction, Vthe feeding levers 33 and 33a receive reciprocating motion, whereby the pawls 35 and 35a alternately will actuate the ratchet wheel 34 and will rotate the latter step by step always in the same direction. By means of the forklike parts I8, rI9 the step-like rotary movement of the ratchet wheel 34 is transferred to the pumpl shaft I l and its parts I5, I 6. On account of the above described formation of the Dart I6, the working disc 2i performs'a movement which' is composed of an oscillating circular movement about the vertical axis of the pump shaft ill with the eccentricity' e (Fig. 2) and a vertical wobblingmovement as a consequence of the inclined position of the shaftend I6 at an angle s will come. into communicationalternatelyl with the suction channel `and withthepressure channel121;ithe lubricating medium passing iduringthe axiallyireciprocating movement of the pistongthrough the central -bore hole 142` of the latter. The vertical component ofthe; movement .of the working diskiservesntomove the. pistons up .and down,in that the. workingadisk in moving Vdownwardly".(asshown "to the left inV Fig.` 1) presses. against the plates'figonv the. pistons `and in its movement'wupwardly presses against the regulating nutsvlZ. Onfaccourit vof the fact. thatA the vertical components'. of .the

are proportional tothe distance between-,theses points and the. point-P, the .pistons arranged iatdifferent distances from the centraL axis would carry out diierent strokes; `in case th'e working disk had throughoutthe same thickness.. For this reason the working disk-is 'provided'as above indicated, With steps, soxthat .the pistons arrangednearest the circumference ofithe work# ing disk will receive the same-vertical .movement as the pistons arranged nearest the central-axis. From the above statementsitfiwill befseenathat one member only is necessary, in orderi'tosubject the pistonspartly to aireciprocating pumping movement and partlyto an oscillatory movement to and fro` for. controlling the inlet andV outlet channels. This is effected by having the working disk arranged, init-he above indicated mannen'. `upon the rotating, but .axially non-dis# ByV means of thisj arrangement further -the advantage is gained; that the pumps are -actuated kone `after anotheriin order, so that practicallyva small number .of pistons only Vare actuated.atone andthe same time, that is to say one on each side of the work-'- ing disk, whereby thepower consumption at .each

moment is comparatively smalland inraddition uniformly distributed over afcomplete. revolution of the pump shaft;` Thus, thexillustrated apparatus having` a hundred' pistons requires practically nolmore power Vthan similar apparatus of another construction having only a few pumps. The drivingmechanism may thus l have very smalldimensions `in spite Vof the great number of `pumpsgwhic'rh results inLthe-'whole apparatus only requiring comparatively.V small space. 1 .l

The new 1 arrangement can; however, with the same advantage -be i applied also `to apparatus which are provided Vwith a smaller number` of Y pumps or even with one pump only, because the circumstance that fone member only is required for the actuation of the Vpump pistons,- makesfit possible that apparatus "of this kind may be manufactured considerably easier and' cheaper than those, which forthe actuation ofA the pistons more than one member is-'required or'the drivingfshaft` mustA bereci procated in` axial direction.` i v `1 `A preferred' form of embodiment-`suitable or one pump piston onlyris illustrated-in Figs. 3-5.'

Int-he pump.` body 1.43 is rotatablyfvjournalled the pump shaft lilwhich at-itsupper end is extended by a wedge-like ange and1 an inclined shaft endli'whichat itsfree end'41 is provided-with threads,- on which is. arranged; `a washer. 48 and thenut 49 to keep the `working disk-'50 in its correct place. The pump shaft 4l!` carriesat. its lower 'end a worm wheell whichlis inengagement witha worm 52.0n the drivingshaft 53; Thaworkngdisk consistsbin ,this case of'asingle crank and may be. considered to constitute-na `minorportionnof the working disk 21, Vshown in Figui.. 'Ihe slot 56 in the crank and surroundinglthefguiding pin 54 onLthe pump .piston55 may inlthis case consist of a circular hole having asomewhat greater diameter than thediameter ofA theigudingpn 54. ,The A.pump piston,V 55 is, in-a similar manner as' before,-=provided with the conically or spherically. roundedoi plate 51, `and on the guidingpin are arrangedv regulatingand lockingnuts 58, 59.., f .1 `.'I'lrle-mode of operationflof theapparatus accordingito this form .of .embodiment-is, with re- `Vspeci; ,to the principlepthesame as for the appamovement at different points of the working disk-- raillsfor a fhundredpumps, showngin Figs. 1 and 2,

Vbut .varies'from thisA latter in Vthe following man ner.'` @The crank 59 performs a combined move:

mentf-v'vhicha-is composed ofaswinging, up and downgmovementj ina plane passing through .the guiding piniand thepumpshaft, and ci ahori- `Zontal.movemenawhich vis similar to the movethe direction Y.of pumping rindependentof the direction vf.. rQfatiOn .of the driving shaft For. this'purposethepump shaft E0 is v.provided.with a cylindrical flangei o n which is eccentrically with. aneccentricity e) Fig. arranged a shaft end 62. About this shaft end `is rotatably journalled ya ,sleeve 53 which has an outer lsurface" incliningly positioned in -relationto the airis of the shaft end, the axis of this outer surface `formingannangle withthe axis of the shaftlend the pointlP. The sleeveV is provided with a flange Vwhich in section is` of PWedge-like shapeand has a `shol'ilder iltuwhicl'i` extends inthe form of a sectorabout .the shaft .end ahoutal certain portion ofthe circumference. 'Onthe shaft endis fastened, by 'means'of 'a piny 65,a ring 65 l which is.A provided withaA sector-,shaped shoulder .S'f'

whichyvill cooperate fwith theshoulder ilifwhen the pump shaftv B Bfwi'th the shaft end 62 is rotating. By means of this carrier device 54,61, the direction of pumping always ,remainsI the ,same independently of the directionof 'rotation of the pump shaft orof the driving"shaft 68 driving the latter. Y Onvth'e; cylindrical' outer surface 'offthe sleeve is "rotatablyjournalled a working 'disk 69 corresponding to thefworking diskfZIlshown in Fig. fl, whchfin" a similar manner as before is provided withf longitudinal slots; 10 which surround'the guiding'pins of thepump pistons. 'v "`=The' mode of-operation of the 'apparatus accordingi tothisfform of embodiment islthe following-a Cil When thedriving shaftl is subjected to rotation, this rotation is transferred by means of the worm gearingto the-.pump shaft and thus also to the ring 66 fixed to the shaft end 62. 'I'hesaid ring carries .bymeansf of its shoulders 61 the shoulder 64 on the sleevel 63, wherebythis latter receivesrits rotation. Due to thefactfthat the Working disk 69 partly receives an eccentric move'- ment and partly, as 'a consequence of the outer surface of the sleeve 631being incliningly posi# tioned, arocking movement, the working disk will actuatethe pump pistons in asimilar manner as above described in connection with the form of embodiment shown in Fig. 1.- In case the'drivving shaft 68 is rotating'rin opposite direction, thel pump shaft 60 and thus'lthe ring 66 will also rotate in opposite direction. At'the beginning the sleeve 63 will not partake in this reverse rotation, because the shoulder.61 will be removed from the shoulder 64, until the othersideof'theshoulder 61 will abut against the opposite side of the shoulder 64. Under this movement of rotation the sleeve performs an eccentric movement with' the eccentricity e, so thatthe small pump pistons will be turned-about their axesg As soon'as shoulderV 61 on the` ring 66A'contactsl-with shoulder 64 on the sleeve 63 this latter is carried along, Where-1 by the working disk 69 receives its wobbling'motion. On account of the fact that the pistons have been turned aboutith'eir axes and the work'- ing disk'is wobbling inopposite direction, the pumps will operate to'force the lubricant into the lines as before,A that is the pumps operate consecutively regardless of whatever 'direction the driving shaft may turn.

It is of course also possibleto make the apparatus'according to Figs. 3`5 reversible, in oase the pump shaft 44 Awith the parts 45 and 46 areicar-Q ried out in the samemanner las'illustrated in Fig.6.

For apparatus having a small number of pumps, for instance'2k-4, a working sector may be ernployed instead ofthe working disk according to Figs. 1 or 6, and such a'form'ofembodimentfmay` be considered to constitute aconstruction lying between thevdevice according to Fig.A 3 and the device according to Fig. 1. fAlso inthis' case' the construction as shown vin Fig'. 6 may be applied.

Figs. 8 and 9 show'another'modiiied form of embodiment, in which the pump pistons however are arranged in Vplanes at right angles to the pump shaft. For the 'sakef'simplicity a worm gear drivingmechanism has in this case been shown, consisting of the vdriving shaft 1| and the'worm gear 12, but itis obvious 'that'also the driving Y mechanism shown in Figrl may be utilized in order to make the apparatus'reversible, so that the direction of vpumpingalways is the same. In this form of embodiment the pump body consists of the disk-like part 1,3 which is providedwith radial bore holes for the pump'pistons 14. "The` pump pistons are provided withacentr'alv bore hole 1 5 and further on their circumference'with aV groove in the form of an inclined slotl. The, pistons are for the rest carried out inthesame 'manner as those ,shown in 1igV 1that is-to saythey support a plate 11 which isprovided with the guiding pin 18 which in itsturn lsupports the regulating nut 19 and the locking nut 8l). The disk-like part 13 is fastened tothe pump'housing 8l which is mounted on a housing 8 2 .enclosing theV driving mechanism, The pump. housing-8l Yis provided with a central opening inwhichis rotatably jourfuelledv the pumpshaft,83.l LThe pump vShaftis with its other end 84 also rotatablyjournalled in a bearing 85 arranged at the bottom ofthe lower housing 82. The pumpshaftis provided with an eccentrically arranged cylindrical part 86 on which is .rotatably journalled a working disk 81 which in this case has the form of a disk with the edges at the circumference turned up. This Vturned-up edge of the working disk is provided with slots 8,8 of the samevwidth as the diameter ofthe guiding pins 18. These guiding pins are rotatably arrranged, in said slots, so that the same will follow the movements ofthe working disk.

The lubricating medium is admitted to the pump pistons by suction openings 89 and is pressed out through pressure channels 90 and through the discharge conduits 9|. These discharge conduits are united with the pump housing 8| by means of a screw connection 92,'a packing device 93'for the discharge conduit being arranged in the pump bodyv 13 proper.

The pump body, 13 ,is provided with guiding ledges 94 and the working: disk 81 is provided with similar 'guiding ledges 95. The guiding ledges on one partl are arranged at right angles to the guiding'v ledges on the other part.v Between the said four guidingledges is slideably arranged a guiding member 96 of square form. By means of this guiding device all relative rotary motion between thepump body 13 andthe workingdisk 81 is preventedxbuta relative oscillatory circular movement. of theworking disk is permitted.

The apparatus according to this form of embodiment works Vina similar manner to those above described. The pump pistons. receive the movementsrfrom the working disk 61. This latter performsv on account-of its support on the eccentric part 86 of the pump shaft 83, 84 and onfaccount offits'fparallel guiding by means of the :guiding member 96,l an oscillatory circular movement. It carries the pump pistons partly in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the latter` in that the turned-up edge of the working disk alternatelypresses against .the plate 11 on the pumppistons and against the regulating nuts 19, and partly subjects the pump pistons toan oscillatory movement ,to and fro, in that theV slots 88 ofthe workingdiskcarry along the guiding pin 18 in tangential direction. By means of this combined' movement of the pump V,pistons vthe groove 16 is alternatelybrought in connection with the inlet opening illlduring the suction stroke and with the discharge. channel 96 during the pressure stroke. -.The groove in the piston may preferably beproduced by vcutting a slot by means of a vstraight cutter inclined in relation to the axis of the pistons. Y

Also in this case the pump pistons are actuated one after another, so that the driving power is uniformly distributed over one revolution of the Vpump shaft.' 'Y

driveY shaft provided with a crank,a plurality of pumps arranged Ain spaced relation to one lanother around said ,shaftfanddisposed at .right angles tothe latter,V said pumps including combined piston vand valve members,- a thrust disc journalled on said crank and having an upwardly directed peripheral wall, eccentrically disposed guide pins on the pump pistons, said peripheral wall havingnotches therein receiving said pins,

and valve members causing the latter to recip-` rocate axially, and the componentsaijl right angles to the rst mentioned components causing the pistons to oscillate angularly about their axes.

2. A forced lubrication apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the guide means for the thrust disc is constituted by a pair of guiding ledges disposed parallel with eachv other on the thrust disc and a second pair of guide ledges disposed at right angles -to the rst pair and carried by a relatively stationary part of the l apparatus, and a square guiding plate slidably arranged between the two pairs of guiding ledges. A3.v A forced lubrication apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized by the provision of a later-V -ally extending plate connecting each piston and Valve member With its guide pin, the surfaces of said plates cooperating with the'thrust disc being K i rounded whereby the axis of the circumscribed cone is parallel with the axis of the respective piston member.

4. A forced lubrication apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said thrust disk is caused to `perform its revolving motion in a plane at right angles kto the axis of said drive shaft. Y

\ WERNER MAX JOSEF JLLIG. Y 

